Water tanks are used to store water usually used for human consumption. Water tanks can be used to store water that is used for many different things, for example, irrigation, agricultural operations, food preparation, fire prevention, and storing sewage water in the form of septic tanks. Tanks can be made out of various elements, such as plastic, steel, concrete, fibreglass or stone. Water storage tanks may also prove to be beneficial during natural disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes or severe storms.
Different materials for water tanks may attribute to the different uses for the tank. Certain storage tanks will hold water at higher pressures or temperatures than others, so the use of plastic or fibreglass containers would not be the most efficient storage method, for example. If water will be exiting the tank at high pressures, the use of durable materials such as steel will prevent the occurrence of cracks due to the strong force exerted. Also, using materials such as stone or concrete for water tanks that are used for storing sewage (more commonly known as septic tanks) will reduce the chance of leaks due to erosion caused by bacteria.
Certain water tanks are constructed at high altitudes in order to utilise the force of gravity for pressure. These ‘water towers’ are able to create and make use large pressures in order to successfully disperse water evenly throughout a town. Water towers have become landmarks for some towns, and have existed since as far back as the industrial revolution. The use of water towers ensures that there is enough pressure with the water supply to provide water to multiples story buildings. Water towers also ensure that enough pressure is exerted through taps and other water fixtures, as well as providing power during power outages and storms.
Water tanks may also become vital during natural disasters. Many water tanks are able to withstand harsh weather conditions; meaning water is safely stored in case of problems with power and plumbing. Water tanks may also be stored under ground, which may also protect against damage from flying debris in storms, tornados or hurricanes. With the environmental conditions and scarcity of water today, water tanks have become a method that ensures a water supply even in harsh conditions. The many ways in which water tanks may be utilised also demonstrates how they are an important factor in the preservation of water, as well as an important aspect throughout industry and everyday life.